Project
Manager Responsibilities
External project manager（consultant
for customer）
Internal project manager（suspensor,
CEO, next level boss is your customer）
Customer satisfaction
Work scope completion
Quality manner, within
budget, on time（sometimes did
not happened on time）
Planning the project（Gantt chart
tools）
Securing and organizing the appropriate
resources
Controlling the project progress（WBS,
task,resource,coordinate people）
Coordinate with team
Control the project（how fast to reflect
and handle the change）
【•It is the responsibility of the project manager:
•To make sure that the customer is satisfied
•To ensure that the work scope is completed in a quality
manner, within budget and on time
•To plan the project
•To secure and organize the appropriate resources
•To control the project process
•To coordinate with the team
•The
project manager has a primary responsibility for providing leadership in
planning, organizing, and controlling the work effort to accomplish the project
objective.
•The
project manager coordinates the activities of the various team members to
ensure that they perform the right tasks at the proper time as a cohesive
group.】
Project
Manager Responsibilities – Planning
Define project objective
Reach agreement with customer
Communicate objective to project team
Create vision of successful
accomplishment
Spearhead plan development
Review plan with customer
Use project management information system
【•The
project manager clearly defines the project objective and reaches an agreement
with the customer on the objective.
•The
manager then communicates this objective to the project team so as to create a
vision of what constitutes successful accomplishment of the objective.
•The
project manager spearheads development of a plan to achieve the project
objective.
•The
project manager reviews the plan with the customer to gain endorsement and then
sets up a project management information system for comparing actual progress
to planned progress.】
Project
Manager Responsibilities – Organizing
Secure appropriate resources（hire
outside, outsourcing database）
Determine in-house tasks
Determine need for subcontractor
Assign responsibility
Create motivating environment（to
communicate）
【•Organizing involves securing the appropriate resources to perform the work.
•The project manager
must decide which tasks should be completed in-house and which tasks should be
handled by subcontractors or consultants.
•The
project manager also assigns responsibility and delegates authority to specific
individuals or subcontractors for the various tasks.
•Finally, and most
important, the task of organizing involves creating an environment in which
individuals are highly motivated to work together as a project team.】
Project
Manager Responsibilities – Controlling
Track actual progress （do not lie on track progress percentage）
Compare progress to planned progress（explain why
delay happening）
Take necessary actions
Play the leadership role
Involve project team
【•To control the project, the project manager must track actual progress and compare it with planned progress.
•If actual progress falls behind planned progress or
unexpected events occur, the project manager must take immediate action.
•The
project manager is the leader in planning, organizing, and controlling the
project, but does not do it alone.
•She or he involves the project team in these functions
to gain their commitment to successful completion of the project.】
Project
Manager Leadership Ability
Achieve results through the project team
Use a participative and consultative
leadership style
Provide guidance and coaching to the project
team
Require involvement and empowerment of
the project team（leave them alone, give them ability to do）
Establish an environment of trust, high
expectations, and enjoyment
Have self confidence
Exhibit confidence in the project team
【•Leadership is getting things done by utilizing and bringing out the best work in others; the project manager achieves results through the project team.
•Project leadership involves inspiring the people
assigned to the project to work as a team.
•The project manager must create for the team a vision of
the result and benefits of the project.
•Effective
project management requires a participative and consultative leadership style,
in which the project manager provides guidance and coaching to the project
team.
•The project manager establishes the parameters and
guidelines for what needs to be done and the project team members determine how
to get it done.
•An effective manager does not tell people how to do
their jobs.
•Project
leadership requires involvement with and empowerment of the project team.
•The project manager should involve individuals in
decisions affecting them and should empower them to make decisions within their
assigned areas of responsibility.
•The capable project manager understands what motivates
team members and creates a supportive environment in which individuals work as
part of a high-performing team and are energized to excel.
•The project manager must be careful not to create
situations that cause individuals to become discouraged.
•The project manager must foster motivation through
recognition of the project team as a whole and of individual members.
Recognition should be carried out as soon as possible after the action that is
being recognized.
•The
project manager sets the tone for the project team by establishing an
environment of trust, high expectations, and enjoyment.
•Capable project managers have high expectations of
themselves and of each person on the project team. They believe that people
tend to live up to what is expected of them.
•Project
managers tend to be optimistic and positive.
•Project managers should encourage the same positive
attitude on the part of the project team members and facilitate the team
building process.
•Leadership
requires that the project manager be highly motivated and set a positive
example for the project team.
The project manager
has self-confidence and exhibits confidence in the project team members.】
Make
Things Happen
There are:
Those who MAKE things happen（make project
work）
Those who let things happen
Those who wonder what happened
Project Manager Ability to Develop People
Train and develop the project team
Believe that all individuals are valuable
Encourage initiative
Identify situations for mentoring（young people
seek to help）
Assess opportunities for growth
Encourage self reflection for learning
【•The effective project manager is committed to training and developing the skills of people working on the project.
•He or she uses the project as an opportunity to add
value to each person’s experience base so that all members of the project team
are more knowledgeable and competent at the end of the project than when they
started.
•One way of encouraging such activities is to talk about
the importance of self-development at project team meetings.
•Another way is to meet with project team members
individually at the start of their project assignments and encourage them to
take advantage of opportunities to expand their knowledge and skills.
•A
good project manager believes that all individuals are valuable to the
organization and that they can make greater contributions through continuous
learning.
•He
or she stresses the value of self-improvement by encouraging individuals to
take the initiative.
•A capable project manager provides opportunities for
learning and development by encouraging individuals to take initiative, take
risks, and make decisions.
•Rather than create a fear of failure, the manager
acknowledges that mistakes are part of the learning and growth experience.
•The
project manager can try to provide “stretch” assignments that require
individual team members to extend their knowledge and accomplish more than they
may think they can.
•A project manager can also is identify situations in
which less experienced people can learn from more experienced people.
•A
final way in which the project manager can develop people is by having them
attend formal training sessions.
•The project manager might even provide coaching.
•During
individual meetings with the project team members, managers should assess
opportunities for growth by having the members identify what they learned by
working on the project.】
Project
Manager Communication Skills
Be good
communicators
Communicate and
share information
Spend more time
listening than talking
Inform the
customer of progress
Determine any
changes
Provide timely
feedback to the team and customer（be aware of this）
【•Project managers must be good communicators.
•They need to communicate regularly with the project
team, as well as with any subcontractors, the customer, and their own company’s
upper management.
•Effective
and frequent communication is crucial for keeping the project moving,
identifying potential problems, soliciting suggestions to improve project
performance, keeping abreast of customer satisfaction, and avoiding surprises.
•A High level of communication is especially important
early in the project.
•Effective
project managers communicate and share information in a variety of ways.
•These
tasks require that the project manager have good verbal and written
communication skills.
•Good project managers spend more time listening than
talking.
•The
project manager establishes ongoing communication with the customer to keep the
customer informed and to determine whether there are any changes in
expectations.
•Communication
by project managers needs to be timely, honest, and unambiguous.
•Effective
communication establishes credibility and builds trust.
•It
is important for the project manager to provide regular feedback to the team
and customer.
•Both the good news and the bad news should be shared
promptly.
•The
project manager must create an atmosphere that fosters timely and open
communication without any fear of reprisal.】
Project
Manager Interpersonal Skills
Develop a relationship with each team
member（sometimes you don’t have time, project should be come to the first）
Maintain interpersonal relationships for
duration of the project
Influence the thinking and actions of
others
Deal with disagreements or divisiveness（ask
question, let them calm down, take some break or kick out bad people）
【•Good interpersonal skills are essential for a project manager.
•It
is important that the project manager develop a relationship with each person
on the project team.
•Mangers should make the time to have an informal
conversation with each person on the project team and with each key individual
in the customer’s organization.
•The project manager should try to learn about the
personal interests of each team member without being intrusive.
•In informal conversations, the project manager should
use open-ended questions and do a lot of listening.
•Good
interpersonal skills enable a project manager to empathize with individuals
when circumstances arise.
•An
effective project manager develops and maintains these interpersonal
relationships throughout the duration of the project.
•A
project manager needs good interpersonal skills to influence the thinking and
actions of others in ways that help achieve the objective of the project.
•A
project manager also needs good interpersonal skills to deal with disagreement
or divisiveness among team members. Such situations can require delicate
handling on the project manager’s part.】
Project
Manager Ability to Handle Stress
Must be able to handle the stress（do something
physical）
Remain calm
Cope with constantly changing conditions
Act as a buffer between the project team
and either the customer or upper management
Have a good sense of humor
Keep physically fit to improve ability to
handle stress
【•Project managers must be able to handle the stress that can arise from work situations.
•Stress is likely to be high when a project is in
jeopardy of not meeting its objective.
•The
project manager cannot panic; she or he has to remain calm.
•The
effective project manager is able to cope with constantly changing conditions.
•In
certain situations, the project manager may need to act as a buffer between the
project team and either the customer or upper management.
•The
project manager needs to have a good sense of humor.
•Used appropriately, humor can help a project manager
handle the stress and break the tension.
•The
project manager can improve her or his ability to handle stress by keeping
physically fit through regular exercise and good nutrition.】
Project
Manager Problem-Solving Skills
Be a good problem solver
Start with the early identification of a
problem or potential problem
Encourage project team members to identify
problems early and solve them
【•A project manager needs to be a good problem solver.
•Good
problem solving starts with the early identification of a problem or potential
problem.
•The
project manager should encourage project team members to identify problems
early and solve them on their own or seek help if they need to.
•Problem-Solving
will be discussed in greater detail in Chapter 11.】
Project
Manager Negotiating Skills
Employ negotiating skills in interactions
Develop a trusting relationship with the
other person
Use effective listening
Take cultural differences into
consideration
Strengthen relationships, not erode them
【•Good negotiating skills are essential for project managers.
•During
the project life cycle, project managers encounter many occasions to employ
their negotiating skills in interactions with the sponsor or customer, the
project organization’s management, subcontractors, vendors, and users of the
project’s end product.
•The subject of negotiations can be contract terms and
conditions, obtaining specific resources to staff the project, subcontractor
prices, vendor delivery schedules, payment for damages, the cost or schedule
impact of changes, customer approval of designs, the need for rework if quality
standards were not met, the best approach to resolve a technical performance
issue, interpretation of acceptance criteria or test results, and approaches to
get the project back on track if it is behind schedule and/or over budget.
•It
is helpful if the project manager has developed a trusting relationship with
the other party because this can provide a strong foundation for positive and
robust negotiations.
•The
project manager needs to be an effective listener and to be able to make a
persuasive case and clearly articulate his or her position on issues.
•Negotiating
with customers or subcontractors involved in global projects can be
particularly challenging. The project manager must take cultural differences
into consideration when negotiating.
•Effective
negotiations strengthen relationships, not erode them.】
Project
Manager Time Management Skills
Manage time well
Have self-discipline
Be able to prioritize
Show a willingness to delegate
【•Good project managers manage their time well. Project managers must:
【•Good project managers manage their time well. Project managers must:
•Have self-discipline
•Be able to prioritize
•Show a willingness to delegate.
•Time
management is discussed more thoroughly in Chapter 11.】
Various
Degrees of Delegation 授权（The figure
10.1）
Find team member where they are in the Degrees
of Delegation
The
figure on this slide depicts various degrees of delegation, from lowest degree
at the top to highest degree at the bottom.
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